HDACs activity inhibitor-Sodium Butyrate
Sodium Butyrate is a short chain fatty acid that inhibits HDACs activity and plays important roles at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels. Sodium Butyrate induces growth inhibition, differentiation, and apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibiting cell proliferation. Sodium Butyrate prevents metabolic changes induced by high-fat diet, reduces blood sugar in diabetes model, improves insulin level and glucose balance in plasma, and improves beta cell proliferation. In addition, Sodium Butyrate reduces the expression of pro-inflammatory factors such as INF- γ、 IL-6, IL-1 β Wait to suppress the inflammatory response.
Related experiments (data from publicly available literature, for reference only)
1. Cell experiments (in vitro research)
To test the effect of Sodium Butyrate on cells, HEK293 and MCF-7 cells were incubated with different concentrations of Sodium Butyrate (0.1, 0.5, 2.0, 8.0 mM). Sodium Butyrate inhibited the growth of HEK293 and MCF-7 cells in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner. [2]
2. Animal experiments (in vivo research)
After STZ induced diabetes, rats were intraperitoneally injected with sodium butyrate (500 mg/kg/day) for 21 days. It was found that sodium butyrate reduced blood glucose, HbA1c, beta cell apoptosis, and histone acetylation level. [3]
In vivo experiments, 6-month-old and 16-month-old female C57Bl/6J mice were used as the research subjects. Feeding 5% sodium butyrate did not change the weight and body fat composition of 6-month-old mice, while in 16-month-old mice, sodium butyrate did not cause weight changes, but reduced the fat content of the mice. [4]
References
[1] Davie JR, et al. Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase Activity by Butyrate. J Nutr, 133(7 Suppl): 2485S-2493S (2003).
[2] Li LP, et al. Histone deacetylase inhibitor sodium butyrate suppresses DNA double strand break repair induced by etoposide more effectively in MCF-7 cells than in HEK293 cells. BMC Biochemistry, 16:2 (2015).
[3] Khan S, et al. Protective role of sodium butyrate, a HDAC inhibitor on beta-cell proliferation, function and glucose homeostasis through modulation of p38/ERK MAPK and apoptotic pathways: Study in juvenile diabetic rat. Chemico-Biological Interactions, 213: 1-12 (2014).
[4] Walsh ME, et al. The histone deacetylase inhibitor butyrate improves metabolism and reduces muscle atrophy during aging. Aging Cell, 14(6): 957-970 (2015).
[5] Joseph J, et al. Expression profiling of sodium butyrate (NaB)-treated cells: identification of regulation of genes related to cytokine signaling and cancer metastasis by NaB. Oncogene 23: 6304-6315 (2004).