Super absorbent polymer ——Water retaining agent and soil conditioner

The addition of super absorbent polymer reduces the energy state of soil water and increases the soil water holding capacity, which can reduce the ineffective evaporation of water and reduce the deep leakage, so as to improve the water holding capacity. Through seed coating, dipping in roots or applying into soil, super absorbent polymer collects around seeds or crop root area, absorbs a large amount of water during precipitation and irrigation, and slowly releases water during drought for plants to absorb, which improves the utilization rate of agricultural water and prolongs the irrigation cycle, so as to enhance the drought resistance of plants. The water retention effect of super absorbent polymer is restricted by many factors, such as climate, type of water retaining agent, addition amount, application method, soil salt content, salt type, irrigation method and irrigation amount. The results show that the soil water absorption capacity increases with the increase of the amount of super absorbent polymer in a certain range, but the effect on the soil water absorption capacity becomes not obvious when the amount reaches a certain limit. super absorbent polymer do not make water. The seed germination experiment showed that the use of super absorbent polymer was of little significance when the soil water content was less than 6%. The effect of super absorbent polymer on water absorption capacity of different soils is also different, and the improvement of water absorption capacity of sandy soil is the most obvious.

The role of super absorbent polymer in absorbing and maintaining water can reduce the leaching loss of leachable nutrients to a certain extent, coordinate the coupling environment of water and fertilizer, significantly improve the utilization rate of nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, and generally reduce the dosage of pesticides by about 30%. Adding super absorbent polymer to soil can increase the adsorption of fertilizer and ammonia nitrogen; When the amount of super absorbent polymer is fixed, the amount of fertilizer absorbed increases with the increase of fertilizer.

Super absorbent polymer can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, and mostly form large aggregates greater than 1 mm. These large aggregates play a good role in stabilizing soil structure, improving soil permeability, preventing topsoil crust and reducing soil surface evaporation, and enhancing the anti-corrosion ability of soil. After water absorption and expansion, the super absorbent polymer improved the soil pore properties, mainly increased the capillary porosity, greatly increased the soil liquid phase ratio, reduced the gas phase and solid phase ratio, and improved the soil hydrothermal condition. The effect of super absorbent polymer on soil improvement is affected by the type, application amount and soil texture of water retaining agent. For the soil with insufficient rainfall, too loose and unfavorable water retention (such as sandy soil), it can be improved by adding super absorbent polymer to improve the water retention capacity.

The application of super absorbent polymer in soil can preserve soil moisture and improve soil. The slow-release effect of chemical fertilizer, pesticide, insecticide and plant growth assistant improves the efficiency of chemical fertilizer and medicine. The application of super absorbent resin in the correct way and amount according to crop types and soil types can significantly improve the germination rate of seeds, promote crop growth and development, improve crop yield, and have no adverse effect on crop quality. The use of super  absorbent polymer reduces soil water loss, increases water content, improves soil conditions, is conducive to plant seed germination, growth and development, and can significantly improve the yield of crops such as grain, cotton, vegetables, melons and fruits.